Resumen Introducción: la valoración hemodinámica mediante ecocardiografía Doppler tiene importancia en la identificación de alteraciones sistólicas/diastólicas como predictor de desenlaces en el postrasplante hepático desde alteraciones cardiovasculares hasta disfunción del injerto y mortalidad. Métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. Paciente con trasplante hepático en el hospital LaCardio, en Bogotá, Colombia entre enero de 2005 y julio de 2021. Análisis de variables sociodemográficas, comorbilidades, ecocardiografía y variables intraoperatorias con desenlaces primarios como disfunción temprana del injerto, lesión renal aguda (LRA) y mortalidad durante el seguimiento. Se realizó un árbol de clasificación y regresión (CART). Resultados: se analizaron a 397 pacientes, el 54,4% eran hombres, y el 71% tenía algún grado de disfunción diastólica, hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (30,9%) con presencia de disfunción del injerto en el 8% y LRA en el 21%, y una mortalidad del 15% durante el seguimiento del estudio. En el modelo CART para desenlaces de mortalidad y disfunción del injerto se relacionó con la presencia de índice de masa corporal (IMC) < 19 o la combinación de IMC entre 19 y < 24 con diálisis. Conclusión: las variables ecocardiográficas, la sarcopenia y la LRA o requerimiento de terapia de reemplazo renal se relacionan con desenlaces de mortalidad y disfunción del injerto.

Abstract Introduction: Hemodynamic assessment by Doppler echocardiography is essential in identifying systolic/diastolic changes as a predictor of outcomes in post-liver transplantation, from cardiovascular changes to graft dysfunction and mortality. Materials and methods: Retrospective cohort study. Patient with a liver transplant at the LaCardio hospital in Bogotá, Colombia, between January 2005 and July 2021. Analysis of sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, echocardiography, and intraoperative variables with primary outcomes such as early graft dysfunction, acute kidney injury (AKI), and mortality during follow-up. A classification and regression tree (CART) was performed. Results: 397 patients were analyzed; 54.4% were men, 71% had some degree of diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy (30.9%) with graft dysfunction in 8% and AKI in 21%, and a mortality of 15% during the study follow-up. In the CART model, mortality and graft dysfunction outcomes were related to a body mass index (BMI) < 19 or a combination of BMI between 19 and < 24 with dialysis. Conclusion: Echocardiographic variables, sarcopenia, AKI, or the requirement for renal replacement therapy are related to mortality and graft dysfunction outcomes.

Abstract Sarcomas are primary neoplasms, whose location is rare in large vessels and in the pulmonary veins is exceptional. The two most frequent types in the pulmonary vein are leiomyosarcoma and fibrosarcoma, distribution around 4 and 5 decades of life, with a prognosis of 23 months and 60% metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The clinical presentation is nonspecific simulating situations such as pulmonary embolism, decompensated heart failure and mass in the left atrium. Different tools are available for its diagnosis, like echocardiography, computed tomography, coronary angiography, magnetic resonance imaging and PET CT. Treatment includes radical surgical resection, adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, even heart transplantation in selected cases. It is presented the case of a patient with an initial diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, with an episode of pulmonary edema secondary to a mass in the left atrium, extension of a sarcoma of the right pulmonary vein, with a fatal outcome. We contributed to the literature with the case and review of theme.

Resumen Los sarcomas son neoplasias primarias, cuya ubicación es rara en grandes vasos y excepcional en las venas pulmonares. Los dos tipos más frecuentes en las venas pulmonares son el leiomiosarcoma y el fibrosarcoma, con una distribución alrededor de la cuarta a la quinta décadas de vida, un pronóstico de 23 meses y 60% de metástasis al momento del diagnóstico. La presentación clínica es inespecífica ya que simula situaciones como embolia pulmonar, falla cardiaca descompensada y masa en la aurícula izquierda. Para su diagnóstico se cuenta con diferentes herramientas, como la ecocardiografía, la tomografía computarizada, la angiografía coronaria, la resonancia magnética y la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET TC). El tratamiento incluye resección quirúrgica radical, manejo adyuvante con quimioterapia y radioterapia, e incluso, en casos seleccionados, trasplante de corazón. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con diagnóstico inicial de embolia pulmonar, con un episodio de edema pulmonar secundario a masa en la aurícula izquierda y extensión de un sarcoma de vena pulmonar derecha, con desenlace fatal. Se aporta a la literatura con el caso y la revisión de tema.

Abstract: Introduction: Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum associated with COVID-19 are rare complications, with an estimated incidence of 0.56 to 2% of cases. They can occur in different phases of the disease and in absence of risk factors. Objective: To describe two pneumothorax cases and other with pneumomediastinum associated with COVID-19 pneumonia. Material and methods: Retrospective case series. Results: Within the demographic characteristics, the age between 50 to 70 years old stands out, no respiratory comorbidities or smoking. The mean time between the onset of symptoms and the event was 14.6 days. There was a single case with concomitant bilateral pneumothorax with pneumomediastinum. Treatment consisted of conservative management for the pneumomediastinum. Both pneumothorax cases performed closed thoracostomy, one of them required pleurectomy with decortication due to non-re-expansion of the compromised lung. The mean hospital stay was 31.3 days. All patients had a satisfactory clinical evolution. Conclusions: Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum are potentially fatal complications of COVID-19. It can occur in the absence of respiratory disease, previous smoking or mechanical ventilation. It should be suspected in all patients who present respiratory deterioration in the course of the disease.

Resumen: Introducción: El neumotórax y el neumomediastino asociados a la COVID-19 son complicaciones raras, con una incidencia entre 0.56 y 2%. Pueden desarrollarse en diferentes fases de la enfermedad y en ausencia de factores de riesgo. Objetivo: Describir dos casos de neumotórax y un caso de neumomediastino asociados con neumonía por COVID-19. Material y métodos: Serie de casos retrospectiva. Resultados: Dentro de las características demográficas se destacan la edad entre 50 y 70 años, ausencia de comorbilidades respiratorias o tabaquismo. La media de tiempo entre el inicio de síntomas hasta la aparición del evento fue de 14.6 días. Se presentó un único caso con neumotórax bilateral y neumomediastino de manera simultánea. El tratamiento consistió en manejo conservador para el caso de neumomediastino, toracostomía cerrada para los casos de neumotórax, uno de ellos con requerimiento de pleurectomía con decorticación. La media de estancia hospitalaria fue de 31.3 días, con una evolución clínica satisfactoria de la totalidad de los pacientes. Conclusiones: El neumotórax y el neumomediastino son complicaciones potencialmente fatales de la COVID-19. Pueden presentarse en ausencia de enfermedad respiratoria, tabaquismo y ventilación mecánica. Deben sospecharse en todo paciente con deterioro respiratorio en el curso de la enfermedad.

Atualmente, um desenvolvimento e crescimento sustentável são, indiscutivelmente, uma das maiores preocupações e objetivos dos territórios periféricos. De facto, esta tipologia de crescimento já não é apenas um desejo, mas sim uma necessidade territorial, a fim de melhorar a qualidade de vida das populações e ainda para garantir um futuro às gerações vindouras. Tendo em consideração esta tipologia de crescimento, em regiões com bases socioeconómicas “reféns” do turismo, estudos que analisem os processos de ordenamento e planeamento territorial e a sua relação com esta atividade são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento territorial sustentável. Através de ferramentas e metodologias exploratórias, como disso são exemplo: o método de análise de caso de estudo, a análise de impacto territorial, ou os questionários de exploração das perceções públicas; nesse sentido, foi conduzido um estudo de perceções públicas de ordenamento territorial sobre o turismo da Região Autónoma da Madeira (RAM). A investigação permite verificar a relação entre as políticas de ordenamento territorial e o seu impacto no turismo regional, assim como o crescimento insustentável da região.

Nowadays a sustainable development and growth are one of the major concerning's and goals of peripheral territories. In fact, this typology of growth is no longer only a desire but an urgent necessity, not only to increase the life standards of the populations but also to guarantee a future for the next generations. Taking into account this typology of growth, and mainly in regions socioeconomic dependents on the tourism, studies that allow analyzing spatial and urban planning processes and their relation to this activity are seen as critical for a sustainable development of such territories. Through exploratory methods and tools - i.e. case study research method, territorial impact assessment, or public perceptions surveys; has been carried out a deep study on public perceptions over the tourism on the Madeira Autonomous Region (RAM). Through the research, it is possible to verify the relationship between spatial planning policies and their impact on regional tourism, as well as the unsustainable growth of the region.

Resumo: A mensuração do volume atrial esquerdo (VAE) pode ser obtido pelo método biplanar de Simpson via ecocardiografia. Embora na medicina tal parâmetro venha sendo considerado um marcador prognóstico da sobrecarga atrial esquerda em várias cardiopatias, nos cães com degeneração mixomatosa da válvula mitral (DMVM), valvulopatia caracterizada pela sobrecarga do átrio esquerdo (AE), a avaliação da sobrecarga atrial é realizada rotineiramente apelas pela relação entre o diâmetro do AE e da artéria Aorta (Ao) (AE:Ao). Portanto, procurou-se mensurar os valores do LAV indexados à área de superfície corporal (ASC) em cães sadios e em portadores da DMVM utilizando-se do método biplanar de Simpson. Para tanto, foram avaliados 107 cães sadios (controle) e 81 portadores da DMVM nos estágios B1, B2 e C (ACVIM), sendo o VAE calculado nos momentos da diástole (d) e sístole (s) atrial utilizando o método biplanar de Simpson. Imagens bidimensionais apicais quatro (4C) e duas câmaras (2C) foram obtidas pela janela paraesternal esquerda em todos os cães. Os valores do LAV nos cães sadios foram correlacionados com o peso corporal utilizando o teste de Pearson. Para a comparação dos cães sadios com os portadores da DMVM, bem como para investigar diferenças atribuídas aos diferentes estágios da DMVM, empregou-se análise de variância (ANOVA) e o teste de Tukey. Uma correlação positiva forte foi identificada entre VAEd (r>0,77), VAEs (r>0,73) e o peso corporal dos cães sadios. O LAV indexado pela ASC calculado para os cães portadores de DMVM foi significativamente diferente (p<0,01) daquele obtido no grupo controle. Também foram observadas diferenças significativas (p<0,05) no VAE quando as classes B2 e C, e B1 e C foram comparadas. Em conclusão, este estudo fornece uma referência para o volume atrial esquerdo e a aplicabilidade dessa técnica para avaliação da sobrecarga atrial em cães com DMVM em diferentes estágios.

Abstract: The left atrial volume (LAV) can be obtained using the biplane Simpson's method via echocardiography. Although in medicine this parameter has been considered to be a prognostic marker of left atrial enlargement in several cardiac diseases, in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD), a valvulopathy characterized by left atrial (LA) volume overload, atrial enlargement is usually assessed by the LA-to-Aorta ratio (LA:Ao). Therefore, the body surface area (BSA)-indexed LAV was measured in healthy dogs and in dogs with MMVD using the biplane Simpson's method. For this purpose, a total of 107 healthy dogs (control) and 81 dogs with MMVD in ACVIM stages B1, B2 and C were assessed, with LAV being calculated during atrial diastole (d) and systole (s) through the biplane Simpson's method. Two-dimensional apical four-chamber (4C) and two-chamber (2C) images were obtained in every dog through the left parasternal window. The values obtained from healthy dogs were correlated with body weight using Pearson's test. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test were used to compare healthy and MMVD dogs, as well as to investigate differences according with MMVD stages. A strong positive correlation was documented between either LAVd (r> 0.77) or LAVs (r> 0.73) and body weight in healthy dogs. The BSA-indexed LAV calculated for MMVD dogs was significantly different (p<0.01) from that obtained for the control group. Also, LAV was significantly different (P<0.05) when stages B2 and C, and B1 and C were compared. In conclusion, this study provided a reference for left atrial volume and the applicability of this technique to assess atrial overload in dogs with varying-stage MMVD.

El embarazo heterotópico se define como la gestación intrauterina y extrauterina que coexisten de forma simultánea, entidad que ha venido en aumento en los últimos años con el desarrollo de las técnicas de reproducción asistida. Se presenta 4 casos de embarazo heterotópico, tres de ellos resultado de técnicas de reproducción asistida y otro espontáneo; se describen los métodos usados para el diagnóstico, conductas terapéuticas, así como el resultado perinatal.

Heterotopic pregnancy is defined as intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy entity coexisting simultaneously and which has been on the rise in recent years with the development of assisted reproductive techniques. We report 4 cases of heterotopic pregnancy, three of them resulting from assisted reproductive technologies and a spontaneous case. We also describe the methods used for diagnosis, therapies and behavior and perinatal outcome.

Este estudio fue conducido para identificar los principales factores y procesos relacionados con la génesis,bajo condiciones naturales, de un suelo salino-sódico(Sodic Haplusterts, fino, esmectítico, isohipertérmico)en Tucupido (Guárico-Venezuela), con clima semiárido.Allí se evaluaron características y propiedades morfológicas, físicas, químicas y mineralógicas. Valores depH, sodio intercambiable y conductividad eléctricadel extracto de saturación fueron 7,55-8,34; 2-32% y 1,0-8,7 dS m-1; respectivamente. El NaCl fue la saldominante (>66% por debajo de 10 cm). Densidadaparente (Da), macroporosidad y conductividadhidráulica saturada correspondieron respectivamentea 1,8-2,2 Mg m-3, 4-5% y 3x10-7-1x10-5 m s-1. Esmectitas fueron las arcillas dominantes; con cloritas y micas hidratadas también presentes. Adicionalmente,elevadas cantidades de carbonatos de Ca y Mg se encontraron en el suelo (18%). La conclusión es que estossuelos, probablemente, se originaron de la alteraciónde rocas terciarias (limolitas arcillosas calcáreas),formadas en ambientes sedimentarios con aguas salinasricas en sodio, dando lugar a suelos salino-sódicosdurante la fase árida pleistocénica. Su pobre permeabilidad limitó el lavado de sales durante el períodoHoloceno más húmedo. Elevadas conductividades eléctricas y alto contenido de CaCO3 probablemente restringieron elevados porcentajes Na intercambiable (<32%).Las primeras produjeron el colapso del espaciointerlaminar de las esmectitas y los segundos indujeronla formación de silicatos hidratados de Ca-Al quepodrían actuar como agentes cementantes en el espaciointerlaminar de las esmectitas.

Saline-sodic soils, which are rich in salts and sodium, are degraded soils common in zones from subhumid toarid climates. This study was carried out to identifyfactors and processes related with the genesis, undernatural conditions, of a saline-sodic soil (Sodic Haplusterts, fine, smectitic, isohyperthermic) in Tucupido(Guárico-Venezuela), under a semiarid climate. Therewere evaluated morphological, physical, chemical andmineralogical characteristics and properties of the soil.The pH, exchangeable sodium, and electric conductivity(saturation extract) varied between 7.55-8.4; 2-32% and1.0-8.7 dS m-1 respectively. NaCl was the dominantsalt (> 66% below 0.1-m depth). Bulk density, macroporosity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity varied from 1.8 to 2.2 Mg m-3, 4 to 5% and 3x10-7 to 1x10-5 m s-1, respectively. Smectites were the dominating clays, butchlorites and hydrated micas there were present too.High quantities of Ca- and Mg-carbonates were alsofound precipitated in the soil (18%). The conclusionwas that these soils were probably formed by alterationof calcareous shales, formed in sedimentary environments in contact with saline waters rich in sodium, to produce saline-sodic soils during the arid phase at theend of the Pleistocene period. The very low permeabilityof these soils limited salts washing during the wetterHolocene period. High electric conductivities probablywould allow the collapse of interlayer space ofsmectites, and the high content of Ca-carbonates the production of Ca-Al silicate compounds which couldbe acting as cementing agents in the interlayer space ofsmectites, and these processes probably could preventedthe increase of the exchangeable Na% in the soil tovalues higher than 32%.

Este trabajo analiza la situación de los programas educativos y de capacitación de las zonas rurales de la región andina, a fin de identificar los principales cambios en las políticas y en las instituciones que se ocupan del desarrollo educativo. Utiliza material bibliográfico de la CEPAL, el PNUD y de los distintos organismos oficiales de Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y Venezuela. Concluye que, aunque se han alcanzado logros importantes, especialmente en el campo de crecimiento de la matrícula escolar rural, todavía existen otros problemas que deben encararse con un esfuerzo conjunto.

This article analyses the situation of rural training and educational programs at the rural areas of the Andean region (South America). The focus is to identify main policy changes in the institutions that are involved in educational development. The article uses bibliography published by ECLAC, UNDP and official organizations from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Perú. The article concludes that in spite of past achievements, specially in the field of increasing the number of students, several problems persist. Those must be addressed by a coordinated effort.

Ce travail vise à analyser la situation des programmes éducatifs et de capacitation des zones rurales de la région des Andes sud-américaines afin d’identifier les principaux changements dans les politiques et les institutions s’occupant du développement éducatif. Pour ce faire, nous avons employé matériels bibliographiques provenant de la CEPAL, le PNUD et de matériaux publiés par des organismes gouvernementaux divers appartenant à la Bolivie, la Colombie, l’Équateur, le Pérou et le Venezuela. Le travail conclut que, malgré les efforts ayant été fait dans ces pays dans le domaine éducatif, spécialement pour renforcer et pour accroître la matricule écolière rurale, il y a encore de problèmes qui doivent être envisagés à partir d’une approche intégrée.

Muchos suelos alrededor del mundo presentan grandes cantidades de sodio, característica que conduce a la generación de suelos sódicos. En este tipo de suelos los riesgos de degradación siempre están presentes. Con el propósito de identificar factores y procesos que intervienen en la génesis de suelos sódicos, un pedón sódico alcalino representativo de la Formación Chaguaramas en el estado Guárico, Venezuela se caracterizó morfológica, física, química y mineralógicamente. Los resultados señalan: porcentajes de sodio intercambiable (PSI) de hasta 89%, acumulación de sales alcalinas de sodio (bicarbonatos y carbonatos), valores de pH elevados (> 8,5), valores de densidad aparente (Da) muy altos (hasta 2,27 Mg m-3), conductividad hidráulica (< 2 mm h-1) y macroporosidad bajas, precipitación de CaCO3, mineralogía mixta destacada por esmectitas. Se infiere que el suelo es producto de la intemperización de rocas sedimentarias del terciario que interaccionaron con aguas ricas en sodio en las depresiones de los llanos altos centrales durante el período árido de finales del Pleistoceno. Las concentraciones elevadas de sales alcalinas de sodio serían producto de la acumulación de materia orgánica en un ambiente reductor que eliminó gran parte de los sulfatos como H2S. La evolución del suelo salino-sódico resultante, durante el período Holoceno más húmedo, permitió la formación del horizonte nátrico, la sustitución progresiva en el complejo de cambio de iones divalentes por sodio y la precipitación de CaCO3, la eliminación de sales a través del drenaje y, finalmente, cuando las sales totales disminuyeron hasta niveles críticos, ocurrió la degradación de la estructura.

Many soils around the world present large amounts of sodium, characteristic that leads to generate sodic soils. In these soils risks of degradation are ever present. This study was conducted to identify factors and processes in the genesis of an alkali sodic soil from the Chaguaramas Formation (Chaguaramas, Guárico State, Venezuela). Thus some morphological, physic, chemical and mineralogical soil properties and characteristics were measured. The results shown exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) up to 89%, accumulation of alkaline salts of sodium (bicarbonates and carbonates), pH higher than 8.5, soil bulk density (Db) up to 2.27 Mg m-3, low hydraulic conductivity (< 2 mm h-1) and macroporosity values, precipitation of CaCO3, and mixed mineralogy characterized by presence of smectites. It was inferred that the soil was produced from alteration of tertiary sedimentary rocks that interacted with waters rich in sodium in depressions of the Venezuelan Central High Plains during the arid phase at the end of Pleistocene. High quantities of alkaline sodium salts were favored from the accumulation of organic matter in a reduced environment; event that led up to the elimination of high quantities of sulfates as H2S. The saline sodic soil evolved during the Holocene humid climate to promote the clay migration and natric horizon formation, the progressive substitution of divalent ions by sodium in the soil exchange complex, the precipitation of CaCO3, the elimination of salts in the deep drainage, and finally, when the total quantity of salts were diminished to critic levels, to the degradation of the soil structure.

Em solos alcalino sódicos (pH>8,5), a "hidrólise de sódio trocável" tem sido usada como uma possível explicação para a produção de álcali e elevação do pH nestes solos. Como uma alternativa a essa hipótese, um modelo foi desenvolvido para simular e explicar que a produção de álcali e elevação do pH é possível num solo que acumula sais alcalinos de sódio e CaCO3. Várias simulações foram feitas fazendo uso de diferentes combinações da pressão parcial de CO2 (P), presença ou ausência de MgCO3, com valores experimentais da porcentagem de sódio trocável (ESP) e concentrações de íons em extratos de saturação de um solo sódico alcalino (chamado Pantanal). Um sistema hipotético com condições similars ao solo Pantanal mas com um coeficiente de selectividade de Gapon (KG) de 0,01475 (mmol L-1)-1/2 foi, também, considerado. Boa concordância foi obtida entre os valores experimentais e os predezidos para o pH e concentração de íons na solução do solo quando o modelo (sem MgCO3) foi aplicado ao solo Pantanal. Porém, valores de KG calculados para o solo Pantanal estiveram muito acima de 0,01475 (mmol L-1)-1/2. Além disso, elevados valores de pH e da força iónica foram obtidos quando o KG de 0,01475 (mmol L-1)-1/2 foi usado a altos ESP. Valores de KG obtidos para o solo Pantanal e os resultados achados na simulação do sistema hipotético sugerem que um valor maior de 0,01475 (mmol L-1)-1/2 poderia ser empregado adequadamente para simular o comportamento do solo Pantanal a baixa força iônica e altos valores de ESP.

For alkali sodic soils (pH>8.5), the "hydrolysis of exchangeable sodium" has been used as a possible explanation for the alkalinity production and rise in pH of these soils. As an alternative to this hypothesis, a model was developed to simulate and to explain that the alkalinity production and rise in pH is possible in a soil that accumulates alkaline sodium salts and CaCO3. Several simulations were performed by using different combinations of CO2 partial pressures (P), presence or absence of MgCO3, along with experimental values of exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and ion concentrations in saturation extracts from an alkali sodic soil (named Pantanal). A hypothetical system with similar conditions to the Pantanal soil but with a Gapon selectivity coefficient (KG) of 0.01475 (mmol L-1)-1/2 was also considered. Good agreement was obtained between experimental and predicted values for pH and ion concentrations in the soil solution when the model (without MgCO3) was applied to the Pantanal soil. However, KG values calculated for the Pantanal soil were generally higher than 0.01475 (mmol L-1)-1/2. Moreover, high pH values and elevated ionic strength were obtained when a KG of 0.01475 (mmol L-1)-1/2 was used at high ESP (similar to those found in the Pantanal soil). KG values obtained for the Pantanal soil and the results obtained in the simulation of the hypothetical system are suggesting that a value higher than 0.01475 (mmol L-1)-1/2 should be used to adequately simulate the behavior of the Pantanal soil at low ionic strength and high ESP values.

Peso da matéria (fresca e/ou seca), altura de planta, área foliar e número de folhas por planta são variáveis usadas para estudar o efeito dos nutrientes minerais sobre o crescimento das plantas ou de alguns de seus órgãos. Assim, é indicado que o crescimento vegetativo responde favoravelmente a aplicações de P. Avaliou-se o efeito do P em oito genótipos de sorgo granífero (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). Os materiais genéticos foram crescidos em solução nutritiva sob condições de casa de vegetação, com três concentrações de P (0, 0,5 e 1,0 mmol L-1). Plantas foram colhidas 41 dias após a semeadura e o número de folhas por planta (NL), área foliar por planta (LA), volume de raízes (RV), altura de planta (PH), matéria seca de raízes (RDM), matéria seca da parte aérea (SDM), matéria seca total (TDM), razão raiz/parte aérea (RDM/SDM) e o teor de P total na parte aérea foram usados para avaliar o crescimento vegetativo. RDM/SDM foi alta no tratamento deficiente em P e diminuiu perto de duas vezes nos tratamentos que receberam o nutriente. [P] na parte aérea foi positivamente correlacionada à [P] na solução nutritiva. Observou-se diminuição do crescimento quando os genotipos passaram de 0,5 a 1,0 mmol L-1. Sob condições de carência e suprimento de P, Himeca-101 mostrou o melhor comportamento em termos de RDM, SDM, TDM, RV, LA e NL. LA e PH foram os melhores indicadores para predizer o rendimento da matéria seca sob condições de suprimento de P.

Morphological variables such as phytomass, plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, have been used to express the influence of mineral nutrients on plant growth patterns, since the vegetative development responds, in general, favorably to fertilizer applications. This work evaluates the effect of P on both, some morphological characteristics and total [P] in the shoot of eight grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) genotypes. Genetic materials were grown in nutrient solution under three concentrations of P (0; 0.5 and 1.0 mmol L-1). Plants were harvested 41 days after sowing, and leaf area per plant (LA), number of leaves (NL) per plant, root volume (RV), plant height (PH), root dry matter (RDM), shoot dry matter (SDM), total dry matter (TDM), RDM/SDM ratio, and total P concentration in shoot were determined. RDM/SDM was high for treatment P(0) and diminished about twice when P was added. Lack of applied P decreased the final NL and LA. Shoot [P] was positively correlated with solution [P], but the increase in P concentration in the nutrient solution from 0.5 to 1.0 mmol L-1 had a negative effect on growth. Both under deficiency and sufficiency conditions of P, Himeca-101 showed the best behavior in terms of RDM, SDM, TDM, RV, LA and NL. LA and PH were identified as the best indicators to predict dry matter yield of sorghum plants under P supply conditions.